Objective:

To compare the eradication efficacy, symptom improvement, and safety between standard triple therapy and bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in children aged X to Y years.

Key Findings:

• Eradication rate was significantly higher in the bismuth-containing quadruple therapy group (90.36%) compared to the triple therapy group (74.36%) (P = 0.007), analyzed using [specific statistical method].
• Post-treatment symptom scores improved more with bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for abdominal pain, bloating, and nausea.
• Incidence of adverse events and medication compliance rate were comparable between both groups.

Interpretation:

Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy shows superior efficacy in eradicating H. pylori and alleviating symptoms in pediatric patients compared to standard triple therapy, with similar safety profiles, suggesting it may be a preferred treatment option.

Limitations:

• Retrospective design may introduce bias.
• Limited generalizability due to single-center study.
• Potential confounding factors not controlled for in the analysis.

Conclusion:

Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy is potentially advantageous for treating H. pylori in children, offering higher eradication rates and symptom relief without increased adverse effects.