Objective:

To provide evidence-based strategies for the diagnosis and management of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), emphasizing its recognition in diverse populations.

Key Findings:

• PCV is increasingly recognized in diverse populations beyond the historically reported groups.
• Established risk factors include smoking, male sex, and elevated inflammatory markers.
• ICGA is essential for diagnosing PCV, revealing BVN and polypoidal dilations.
• OCT and OCTA enhance diagnostic accuracy and visualization of vascular structures.
• Genetic studies suggest that PCV-associated loci involve the complement cascade and inflammatory pathways.
• Historical nomenclature reflects the evolving understanding of PCV.

Interpretation:

PCV represents a complex choroidal vascular disorder that may be misdiagnosed if not properly evaluated with advanced imaging techniques. Its management requires a tailored approach based on individual patient characteristics and response to therapy, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis.

Limitations:

• The study of PCV is limited by historical nomenclature and evolving definitions.
• Variability in presentation and response to treatment complicates diagnosis and management, impacting clinical decision-making.

Conclusion:

A multimodal approach to diagnosis and treatment of PCV is essential for optimal patient outcomes, with ongoing research needed to further refine management strategies and improve clinical practice.