Objective:

To compare the relative efficacy of traditional and contemporary Mind-body exercise methods on KOA-related pain, function, stiffness, and psychological and physical outcomes.

Approach:

• Data Sources: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched up to December 1, 2023.

Key Findings:

• A total of 29 RCTs (n = 2,095) were included, with participants aged 58 to 79 years.
• Tai Chi and Wuqinxi significantly reduced WOMAC pain scores compared to no exercise.
• Pilates, Baduanjin, and Tai Chi significantly improved WOMAC physical function scores.
• Baduanjin significantly improved stiffness.
• Yijinjing, yoga, and Tai Chi significantly improved mental health.

Interpretation:

Different Mind-body exercises may provide specific benefits for KOA outcomes in middle-aged and older adults.

Limitations:

• Clinical diversity across trials and low or very low certainty of several comparisons.
• TUG-related ranking results should be interpreted cautiously due to lack of closed loop and inconsistency testing.

Conclusion:

Further high-quality, long-term RCTs are needed to strengthen the evidence.

Sources:

• Systematic Review Registration