To integrate neuroimaging and transcriptomic data to identify cell-type-specific transcriptional signatures associated with GMV changes in adolescents with ADHD.
Key Findings:
Increased GMV in the bilateral precuneus and decreased GMV in the left middle occipital gyrus and orbital part of the right inferior frontal gyrus in ADHD compared to TD.
GMV changes correlated with specific gene expression patterns.
Positively correlated genes were involved in fundamental cellular processes; negatively correlated genes were associated with synaptic organization and brain development.
Significant enrichment of positively correlated genes in microglia and negatively correlated genes in excitatory and inhibitory neurons.
Random Forest model achieved the highest accuracy in distinguishing between ADHD and TD (AUC = 0.871 ± 0.029).
