To explore the association between adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet and cancer incidence and mortality.
Key Findings:
Higher EAT-Lancet diet adherence scores were associated with lower overall cancer incidence (HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84-0.95, P<0.001) and mortality (HR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.90-0.95, P<0.001).
Significant associations were observed for lung cancer incidence (HR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.90-0.95, P<0.001) and mortality (HR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.97, P<0.001).
No significant associations were found for breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer incidence (P>0.05).
Interpretation:
Higher adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet may be linked to reduced cancer incidence and mortality, particularly for lung cancer, but results should be interpreted with caution due to potential confounding factors.
Limitations:
Heterogeneity among studies.
Residual confounding.
Variability in adherence assessment across cohorts.
Conclusion:
The findings suggest a potential protective effect of the EAT-Lancet diet against cancer, particularly lung cancer, but further research is needed.
