Repeated courses of sequential venetoclax and donor lymphocyte infusions in a patient with relapsed high-risk myelodysplasia following allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a case report - Summary - MDSpire

Repeated courses of sequential venetoclax and donor lymphocyte infusions in a patient with relapsed high-risk myelodysplasia following allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a case report

  • By

  • Federica Gigli

  • Valentina Fabiola Sangiorgio

  • Valentina Tabanelli

  • Giuliana Gregato

  • Francesco Bertolini

  • Alessio Maria Edoardo Maraglino

  • Simona Sammassimo

  • Rocco Pastano

  • Enrico Derenzini

  • Corrado Tarella

  • July 2, 2026

  • 0 min

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Objective:

To report the successful treatment of a patient with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) who experienced relapse following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).

Approach:
  • Initial Treatment: The patient received salvage treatment with azacitidine (AZA) and low-dose venetoclax (VEN).
  • Subsequent Treatment: Two additional courses of AZA/VEN were administered, supplemented with donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI).
  • Maintenance Therapy: The patient was placed on maintenance treatment with a sequence of VEN followed by DLI.
Key Findings:
  • Bone marrow cellularity was restored after the initial course of AZA/VEN.
  • Rapid improvement of hematological parameters and recovery of full chimerism was observed.
  • The patient achieved continuous complete remission (CR) 24 months post-relapse.
Interpretation:

Recurrent courses of VEN in combination with DLI may be effective for maintaining CR in patients with MDS/AML after allo-HSCT.

Limitations:
  • The study is based on a single patient case, limiting generalizability.
  • Long-term outcomes and broader applicability of the treatment strategy remain to be established.
Conclusion:

The innovative strategy combining AZA, VEN, and DLI proved effective in disease control and quality of life.

Original Source(s)

Repeated courses of sequential venetoclax and donor lymphocyte infusions in a patient with relapsed high-risk myelodysplasia following allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a case report

  • by Federica Gigli, Valentina Fabiola Sangiorgio, Valentina Tabanelli, Giuliana Gregato, Francesco Bertolini, Alessio Maria Edoardo Maraglino, Simona Sammassimo, Rocco Pastano, Enrico Derenzini, Corrado Tarella

  • July 2, 2026

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