To determine the prevalence of refractive error among children outpatients at the Ophthalmology Center of the China–Dominica Friendship Hospital, highlighting its significance in addressing public health concerns in Dominica.
Key Findings:
52.22% of examined eyes had a refractive error, indicating a significant public health concern.
Refractive errors were more prevalent in girls (62.77%) than boys (37.23%).
47.22% of eyes had myopia, with 5.56% classified as high myopia, necessitating targeted interventions.
Hyperopia and mild-to-moderate myopia were predominantly found in the younger age group (5–11 years), suggesting a need for early screening.
Interpretation:
The study highlights a significant prevalence of refractive errors among pediatric patients in Dominica, emphasizing the urgent need for regular eye examinations and public health initiatives.
Limitations:
Small sample size may limit generalizability; future studies should aim for larger cohorts.
Cross-sectional design does not establish causality, suggesting the need for longitudinal studies.
Conclusion:
The findings underscore the importance of addressing uncorrected refractive errors in children to prevent visual impairment, advocating for early detection and intervention strategies.
Narrative review linked lower vitamin D levels to greater myopia risk and higher omega-3 intake to lower risk, though outdoor exposure may explain the vitamin D association.
