Non-Linear Measures of Movement Variability in Multiple Sclerosis: A Clinical Narrative Review of Lyapunov Exponent and Entropy Applications in Balance and Gait - Summary - MDSpire

Non-Linear Measures of Movement Variability in Multiple Sclerosis: A Clinical Narrative Review of Lyapunov Exponent and Entropy Applications in Balance and Gait

  • By

  • Banakheiri, Tina

  • Panisset, Maya G.

  • Galea, Mary P.

  • Cofré Lizama, L. Eduardo

  • May 12, 2026

  • 0 min

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Objective:

To discuss the existing evidence for the clinical use of non-linear measures of walking and balance in detecting subtle changes, monitoring disease progression, and evaluating treatment effectiveness in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Key Findings:
  • Human movement variability is a key characteristic of healthy biological systems.
  • Alterations in movement variability are indicative of neurological dysfunction.
  • Non-linear measures capture complexity in motor control that traditional metrics may miss.
  • These methods provide insights into stability, adaptability, and predictability of movement.
Interpretation:

Non-linear metrics may reveal early dysfunction in MS by highlighting changes in movement patterns.

Limitations:
Conclusion:

Non-linear measures may guide targeted interventions in MS by monitoring disease progression and treatment effectiveness.

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