To investigate the association between mental health conditions and the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Key Findings:
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was associated with 2.73 times the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Sleep disorders were linked to 1.6 times the risk of ACS.
Depressive disorder increased the risk of ACS by 1.4 times, and anxiety disorders by 1.63 times.
Substance use disorders showed 2.41 times the odds of AMI, but with very low certainty.
Bipolar and psychotic disorders did not show statistically significant associations.
Interpretation:
Mental health conditions, particularly PTSD and sleep disorders, are significant risk factors for ACS, suggesting the need for integrated mental health management in cardiovascular care.
Limitations:
Substantial heterogeneity across studies.
Variable adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, behaviors, and medications.
Limited data for bipolar and psychotic disorders.
Conclusion:
Integrating mental health screening and management into cardiovascular care may improve outcomes, though the evidence base is limited by heterogeneity and potential biases.
