Clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis of talaromycosis in children with novel and reported inborn errors of immunity - Summary - MDSpire

Clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis of talaromycosis in children with novel and reported inborn errors of immunity

  • By

  • Qian Lu

  • Xianghui Li

  • Zhiwen Jiang

  • Tiantian Li

  • Bingkun Li

  • Lan Huang

  • Qihua Huang

  • Dongmei Hu

  • Chunying Lv

  • Guoqun Liu

  • Jialing Zhong

  • Jingjing Lin

  • Liuwei Liao

  • Qianfeng Qin

  • Sha Qin

  • Haotian Shao

  • Zhiyi Wang

  • Xiuying Li

  • Li Jiang

  • Xinyu Zhang

  • Lili Wei

  • Jiarong Liang

  • Dongyan Zheng

  • Shuangjie Wang

  • Weixuan Wu

  • Kaisu Pan

  • Yanqing Zheng

  • Yanning Li

  • Qing Tang

  • Min Jiang

  • Wanqing Liao

  • Cunwei Cao

  • May 13, 2026

  • 0 min

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Objective:

To assess the clinical features and long-term outcomes of talaromycosis in pediatric patients with inborn errors of immunity through a 13-year cohort investigation, focusing on the implications for treatment and management.

Key Findings:
  • Children represented 7% of the 329 individuals with talaromycosis who were not HIV positive.
  • All 18 children diagnosed had inborn errors of immunity (IEI), including five novel genetic anomalies (IL7R, LYST, PLCG2, DOCK8, KRAS deficiency) and five known anomalies (STAT1-GOF, IL2RG, CD40L, STAT3-LOF, CARD9 deficiency).
  • Half of the children experienced severe complications, such as sepsis or septic shock.
  • The median duration of antifungal therapy was 16 months.
  • Three patients died within two weeks of treatment initiation, and three more within 24 weeks.
  • Four children achieved long-term relapse-free survival without antifungal intervention.
Interpretation:

Talaromycosis serves as a critical warning signal for IEI in non-HIV-infected children, highlighting the urgent need for prolonged antifungal and immunostimulatory therapy.

Limitations:
  • The study is retrospective and may have selection bias.
  • Limited sample size of pediatric patients with talaromycosis may affect the generalizability of findings.
Conclusion:

Talaromycosis poses significant treatment challenges in children with IEI, necessitating extended antifungal therapy and indicating potential benefits from HSCT.

Original Source(s)

Clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis of talaromycosis in children with novel and reported inborn errors of immunity

  • by Qian Lu, Xianghui Li, Zhiwen Jiang, Tiantian Li, Bingkun Li, Lan Huang, Qihua Huang, Dongmei Hu, Chunying Lv, Guoqun Liu, Jialing Zhong, Jingjing Lin, Liuwei Liao, Qianfeng Qin, Sha Qin, Haotian Shao, Zhiyi Wang, Xiuying Li, Li Jiang, Xinyu Zhang, Lili Wei, Jiarong Liang, Dongyan Zheng, Shuangjie Wang, Weixuan Wu, Kaisu Pan, Yanqing Zheng, Yanning Li, Qing Tang, Min Jiang, Wanqing Liao, Cunwei Cao

  • May 13, 2026

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