Identifying MGD in Young Patients

Digital device use, lifestyle factors, and modern beauty practices affect the growing rate of dry eye in pediatric patients.

By
Sarah Fackler, managing editor, Optometric Management
January 1, 2026
5 min

Optometric Management

Objective:

To discuss the prevalence and management of dry eye disease (DED) and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in younger populations, specifically children and young adults.

Approach:

Key Findings:

5.5% to 23% of the pediatric population (ages 5-18) in the U.S. is affected by DED.
31% of affected children show severe meibomian gland atrophy.
Digital device use exceeding 2-3 hours daily significantly contributes to ocular surface changes.

Interpretation:

The increasing prevalence of MGD in younger populations necessitates early identification and tailored management strategies, particularly considering lifestyle and cosmetic product use.

Limitations:

Lack of mandatory recall system for harmful cosmetic ingredients in the U.S. is significant as it limits consumer safety.
Only 11 harmful ingredients are banned, and not all need to be listed on product labels.

Conclusion:

Effective management of dry eye in younger patients requires consistent protocols, education, and accessibility to treatments, urging practitioners to adopt these strategies.