Objective:

To assess the association between the hemoglobin–albumin–lymphocyte platelet (HALP) score and all-cause mortality among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Approach:

• Data Collection: Retrospective data was collected from two distinct cohorts of patients with ICH.
• Statistical Analysis: Kaplan–Meier survival curves and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analysis were used to analyze the association between the HALP score and mortality outcomes.
• Risk Prediction Model: A risk prediction nomogram was developed and validated in an external cohort.

Key Findings:

• 30-day, 90-day, and 365-day mortality rates were 29.08%, 34.49%, and 41.84%, respectively, among 925 ICH patients.
• The Q1 group (HALP < 16.87) had significantly higher mortality rates than other groups (all p < 0.001).
• A non-linear correlation was found between the HALP score and mortality risk.
• The nomogram achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.825, indicating strong sensitivity and specificity.

Interpretation:

A lower HALP score is associated with increased mortality in ICH patients, and the developed risk stratification tool can help identify high-risk individuals.

Limitations:

• The study is retrospective and may be subject to biases inherent in such designs.
• External validation was performed, but further studies are needed to confirm findings across diverse populations.

Conclusion:

The HALP score serves as a useful prognostic tool for assessing mortality risk in ICH patients.