To investigate the evolution of cognitive impairment following stroke over time and identify recovery trajectories across different cognitive domains.
Key Findings:
Cognitive impairment improved most within the first 6 months but continued to evolve during long-term follow-up.
Acute cognitive impairment severity was the strongest predictor of long-term cognitive outcomes.
Recovery trajectories varied significantly across cognitive domains: greatest improvement in memory and language, limited improvement in attention and executive function.
Four global cognitive trajectories were identified: stable mild/no impairment, moderate acute impairment with improvement, severe acute impairment with large improvement, and moderate acute impairment followed by decline.
Interpretation:
Limitations:
Substantial attrition over time.
Lack of prestroke cognitive data.
Possible underrepresentation of patients with more severe stroke due to the need for concentration during assessments.
Long-term testing was performed remotely due to COVID-19 disruptions.
