Objective:

To compare overall survival (OS), relapse-related mortality (RRM), and non-relapse mortality (NRM) between therapeutic donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) and second allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) after relapse in acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).

Approach:

Key Findings:

• 60 patients received DLI and 25 underwent second allo-HCT.
• No significant difference in OS was observed between groups (median OS 0.92 vs. 0.61 years, p=0.295).
• DLI showed higher RRM, while second allo-HCT showed a trend toward higher NRM.
• In the matched cohort (n = 36), OS remained numerically longer after second allo-HCT without significance.

Interpretation:

OS did not differ significantly between second allo-HCT and therapeutic DLI, suggesting that treatment should be individualized.

Limitations:

• The study was retrospective and conducted at a single center.
• Sample size may limit the generalizability of the findings.
• Treatment selection was based on clinical judgment, which may introduce bias.

Conclusion:

OS did not differ between second allo-HCT and therapeutic DLI, highlighting the need for individualized treatment approaches and larger multicenter studies.

Attribution Notice

This content is an AI-generated, fully rewritten summary based on a published scholarly article. It does not reproduce the original text and is not a substitute for the original publication. Readers are encouraged to consult the source for full context, data, and methodology.