Objective:

To address the mechanisms, risk factors, and prevention strategies related to sudden cardiac death (SCD).

Approach:

• Epidemiological Patterns: Sun et al. examined global, regional, and national incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) over 30 years, noting a decline with regional variations.
• Mechanisms in Congenital Heart Disease: Han explored mechanisms of sudden cardiac arrest in congenital heart disease, discussing embryological development and treatment strategies.
• Multidisciplinary Diagnosis: Salzillo et al. emphasized the importance of autopsies and genetic testing in diagnosing and preventing SCD in young individuals.
• Genetic Testing in Long QT Syndrome: Paz-Cruz et al. presented cases of inherited Long QT syndrome, highlighting the role of ECG, genetic testing, and family history in diagnosis.
• SCD in Athletes: Zhang et al. analyzed cardiac arrest and SCD during marathon running, discussing exercise-triggered events and risk stratification.
• Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids: Di Fazio et al. linked AAS-induced hypertrophy and fibrosis to increased SCD risk, advocating for prevention strategies against substance abuse.
• Causes of SCD in Young: Radaelli et al. assessed SCD causes in the Veneto region, identifying pathogenic genetic variants and polysubstance use.
• Risk Stratification in Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathies: Bradel et al. reviewed parameters for risk stratification in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, beyond reduced ejection fraction.

Key Findings:

• SCD incidence in the EU is estimated at 36.8–39.7 per 100,000, with higher rates in men.
• Chronic cardiac conditions are predominant causes of SCD in older individuals, while hereditary syndromes are more common in younger patients.
• A multidisciplinary approach combining autopsy and genetic testing can enhance SCD diagnosis and prevention.
• Physical activity and substance abuse, such as AAS, are significant risk factors for SCD in athletes.
• The Tisdale-risk-score is effective for identifying patients at risk for QTc prolongation.

Limitations:

• The editorial does not provide specific data on the effectiveness of proposed prevention strategies.
• Variability in regional incidence rates may complicate generalizations.

Conclusion:

The Research Topic aims to enhance understanding of SCD's diverse causes and improve risk stratification through multidisciplinary approaches.