Therapeutic cancer vaccines: Navigating clinical translation and multimodal synergy
By
Chu, Tan-Huy
Huynh, Thuy Linh
Phuong, Le-Tri
April 13, 2026
Objective: To examine the principles, challenges, and potential of therapeutic cancer vaccines (TCVs) in clinical settings.
Key Findings: TCVs can induce robust T cell responses against malignant cells. Clinical efficacy of TCVs is limited by manufacturing challenges and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Patient variability and outcome assessment pose additional challenges. Interpretation: Despite their promise, TCVs face significant hurdles that must be addressed to improve clinical outcomes.
Limitations: Manufacturing obstacles hinder widespread application. Immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment limits TCV effectiveness. Variability among patients affects treatment outcomes. Conclusion: Addressing the challenges of TCVs through rational strategies and refined patient selection may enhance their integration into future clinical frameworks.
