Objective:

To evaluate clinical, radiologic, and laboratory characteristics of patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis and explore factors associated with its severity in a real-world setting, ultimately aiming to improve patient outcomes.

Key Findings:

• IIP incidence is higher in real-world settings compared to clinical trials, particularly in patients with lung cancer, advanced age, prior thoracic radiotherapy, or pre-existing lung disease, highlighting the need for vigilant monitoring.
• Clinical presentations of IIP vary widely, necessitating early recognition and management to prevent severe outcomes.
• Radiologic findings include organizing pneumonia, consolidations, and diffuse alveolar damage, which should be considered in differential diagnoses.

Interpretation:

The study highlights the need for comprehensive assessment of clinical, radiologic, and laboratory factors to better understand and manage ICI-related pneumonitis in routine clinical practice.

Limitations:

• Retrospective design may introduce selection bias.
• Data derived from a single institution may limit generalizability.
• Potential for incomplete data due to reliance on electronic medical records, which may affect the robustness of findings.

Conclusion:

Understanding factors influencing ICI-related pneumonitis severity can improve early recognition and management, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes; specific recommendations for clinical practice should be developed based on these findings.