Objective:

To rigorously evaluate the existing evidence linking maternal thyroid dysfunction with adverse outcomes in pregnant women and their offspring, emphasizing the clinical significance of these findings.

Key Findings:

• Thyroid hormones are crucial for fetal growth and brain development, with specific emphasis on the impact of thyroid dysfunction.
• Thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy is linked to adverse outcomes such as miscarriage, preterm delivery, and neurodevelopmental deficiencies, supported by relevant statistics.
• Inconsistent results exist regarding the relationship between gestational diabetes and thyroid diseases, warranting further investigation.

Interpretation:

The review highlights the need for clarity on the risks associated with maternal thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and suggests areas for future research.

Limitations:

• Controversial epidemiological characteristics of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy, including potential biases in the studies reviewed.
• Lack of uniform standards for interventions and management strategies, indicating a need for consensus in clinical practice.

Conclusion:

This umbrella review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the associations between maternal thyroid dysfunction and adverse pregnancy outcomes, underscoring the importance of addressing the identified gaps in research.