To map available evidence on CDK4/6 inhibition in adult granulosa cell tumors (aGCT) and explore its potential use with hormonal treatments.
Approach:
Literature Search: A comprehensive search was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science, along with trial registries and citation searching.
Eligibility Criteria: Included translational, preclinical, and clinical studies addressing CDK4/6 pathway dysregulation or inhibition in aGCT.
Key Findings:
Twenty-three reports were included in the review.
Translational studies revealed recurrent abnormalities in cell-cycle regulation, including alterations in CDK inhibitors and Rb-associated signaling.
Preclinical studies indicated that CDK4/6 inhibition, especially with abemaciclib, reduced cell viability and tumor growth in GCT models.
Clinical evidence is limited to small retrospective case series suggesting clinically meaningful disease control in a subset of patients with recurrent disease.
An ongoing phase II trial aims to systematically evaluate CDK4/6 inhibition in aGCT.
Interpretation:
The evidence supports CDK4/6 inhibition as a biologically plausible therapeutic strategy in aGCT.
Limitations:
Current clinical data are limited and primarily consist of small retrospective case series.
Conclusion:
Further prospective evaluation of CDK4/6 inhibitors in aGCT is warranted.
