To explore the effects of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on the severity and prognosis in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients.
Approach:
Study Design: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 2471 CAP patients, divided into non-diabetic and T2DM groups.
Data Collection: Information on pneumonia and mortality records were collected from the hospital's electronic medical record system.
Key Findings:
22.6% of the enrolled CAP patients had T2DM.
Higher frequencies of septic shock (6.4% vs 3.5%, P = 0.002) and respiratory failure (22.7% vs 16.5%, P = 0.001) were observed in T2DM patients.
Mortality was higher in T2DM patients (8.4%, P < 0.001) compared to non-diabetic patients (4.3%).
T2DM was identified as an independent risk factor for death in CAP inpatients (OR = 1.713, P = 0.007).
T2DM was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality in low (OR = 2.150, P = 0.027) and intermediate risk groups (OR = 1.966, P = 0.030) but not in the high-risk group (OR = 1.133, P = 0.727).
Interpretation:
CAP patients with T2DM exhibited more severe disease and higher mortality rates compared to non-diabetic patients, particularly in low to intermediate risk categories.
Limitations:
The study is retrospective and may be subject to biases inherent in such designs.
Data was collected from a single hospital, which may limit generalizability.
Conclusion:
CAP patients with T2DM have higher mortality rates compared to non-diabetic patients.
