Objective:

To summarize the mechanisms by which gut microbiota influences CKD-MBD, specifically focusing on inflammation, mineral metabolism, and bone health, and explore potential microbiota-targeted therapeutic strategies.

Key Findings:

• Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to chronic low-grade inflammation and exacerbates CKD-MBD, suggesting a need for targeted interventions.
• The gut-kidney-bone axis facilitates crosstalk among the gut, kidneys, and bones, impacting mineral metabolism and bone health, which could be leveraged for therapeutic strategies.
• Interventions targeting gut microbiota show potential in regulating the gut-kidney-bone axis and improving bone health, indicating a promising area for future research.

Interpretation:

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is a significant factor in the pathogenesis of CKD-MBD, highlighting the urgent need for microbiome-focused therapeutic approaches that could transform patient care.

Limitations:

• The review may not cover all relevant studies due to the vastness of the literature, particularly in emerging research areas.
• Potential biases in the selection of studies and data interpretation, such as publication bias or language restrictions.

Conclusion:

Understanding the role of gut microbiota in CKD-MBD opens new avenues for treatment strategies targeting the microbiome, which could significantly improve patient outcomes.