To identify shared and separable neurofunctional alterations during task engagement between individuals with nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and those with suicide attempts (SA).
Approach:
Methodology: A coordinate-based meta-analysis was conducted using Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images (SDM-PSI) on task-based fMRI studies comparing brain activation between NSSI/SA individuals and controls.
Key Findings:
NSSI individuals showed increased right amygdala activation compared to controls and the SA group.
NSSI exhibited heightened left middle frontal gyrus and reduced left paracentral lobule activation compared to the SA group.
No significant activation differences were found between SA and controls, although increased left postcentral gyrus activation was noted in the SA group at a less conservative threshold.
No shared functional abnormalities were identified between NSSI and SA.
Neurofunctional abnormalities in NSSI were primarily driven by adolescent cohorts, with no significant findings in adult NSSI or SA subgroups.
Interpretation:
The findings suggest distinct neurofunctional alterations in NSSI, particularly in adolescents, with no robust evidence of similar abnormalities in SA.
Limitations:
The study primarily focused on task-based fMRI studies, which may not capture all relevant neurofunctional alterations.
The sample sizes for NSSI and SA groups were different, which may affect the comparability of results.
Conclusion:
Neurofunctional abnormalities are evident in adolescent NSSI, particularly in fronto-limbic regions.
