To investigate the relationship between weekday sleep duration, weekend catch-up sleep, and insulin sensitivity among U.S. adults.
Approach:
Key Findings:
An inverted U-shaped relationship exists between weekday sleep duration and insulin sensitivity, with 7.3 hours linked to optimal metabolic health.
Moderate weekend catch-up sleep (≤2 hours) improved eGDR among those with shorter weekday sleep, while excessive catch-up sleep (>2 hours) did not show significant benefits.
Longer sleep duration (≥7.32 hours) was associated with lower eGDR, particularly in women, adults aged 40-59, and individuals with obesity.
Interpretation:
Sleep patterns significantly influence metabolic health, with both insufficient and excessive sleep negatively impacting insulin sensitivity.
Limitations:
Cross-sectional design limits causal inference.
Self-reported sleep data may introduce recall bias.
Residual confounding factors such as sleep quality and mental health status were not controlled.
Conclusion:
Modest weekend catch-up sleep can enhance insulin sensitivity in those with shorter weekday sleep, while excessive catch-up sleep may have adverse effects.
