To examine CAIX protein expression and tumor-associated immune biomarkers in pediatric low-grade gliomas (LGGs), high-grade gliomas (HGGs), and glioneuronal and neuronal tumors (GNTs).
Approach:
Patient Selection: Patients aged 0–17 years diagnosed with CNS tumors from January 2000 to February 2022 were screened. Only glioma or GNT cases diagnosed in 2010 or later were included.
Immunohistochemistry: CAIX and immune biomarker expression were evaluated in FFPE tumor tissues. A board-certified neuropathologist assessed immunoreactivity using established scoring methods.
Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics summarized tumor characteristics. Survival outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method, with univariate analyses for associated factors.
Key Findings:
Thirty-four patients with pediatric gliomas and GNTs were included, with 79.4% having LGGs/GNTs.
CAIX expression was found to be associated with specific immune biomarker profiles in the studied tumors.
Interpretation:
The study aims to provide insights into the relationship between CAIX expression and immune biomarkers in pediatric CNS tumors.
Limitations:
The study is limited by the small sample size of 34 cases, which may affect the robustness of the findings.
Findings may not be generalizable due to the specific cohort and tumor types examined.
Conclusion:
The study highlights the importance of understanding CAIX and immune biomarkers in pediatric CNS tumors.
