Objective:

To identify latent subgroups of alexithymia and examine their characteristics among elderly empty-nesters with multiple chronic diseases, highlighting the importance of addressing mental health in this population.

Key Findings:

• The total alexithymia score was 57.31 ± 9.80 points, indicating a moderate level of alexithymia.
• Four subgroups of alexithymia were identified: Emotional Repression Group (39.2%), Extraverted Thinking Group (11.6%), Emotional Ambiguity Group (10.2%), and Good Emotional Adaptation Group (39.0%).
• Statistically significant differences in chronic diseases were found across alexithymia subgroups based on age, income, recent acute events, and self-perceived health, suggesting targeted approaches may be necessary.

Interpretation:

Alexithymia in elderly empty-nesters with multiple chronic diseases exhibits distinct patterns, necessitating targeted interventions for specific subgroups, such as counseling or support groups.

Limitations:

• The study is limited to a specific geographic area (Jiangsu Province, China), which may not represent all elderly populations.
• Findings may not be generalizable to all elderly populations or those with different cultural backgrounds, and potential biases or confounding factors should be considered.

Conclusion:

Medical staff should focus on the Emotional Ambiguity and Emotional Repression groups to provide targeted interventions, such as tailored psychological support and resources.