To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Hangzhou.
Approach:
Study Design: A school-based cross-sectional study conducted on 353,783 individuals across four districts using stratified cluster random sampling.
Data Collection: Surveyed 6,148 students from 28 schools through self-administered structured questionnaires.
Statistical Analysis: Used univariate and multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors.
Key Findings:
Overall overweight and obesity rates were 27.20% (p<0.001).
Obesity prevalence declined with age (χ2=84.25, p<0.001), while overweight rates remained stable.
Boys had higher rates of overweight and obesity than girls (χ2=69.79, p<0.001).
Urban students had higher prevalence than suburban students (χ2=2.01, p=0.023).
Among children aged 6–10 years, obesity prevalence equaled or exceeded overweight prevalence, particularly in boys.
Eating fresh fruit ≥1 time a day, never eating breakfast, brushing teeth ≥2 times daily, and bullying victimization were associated with higher prevalence of overweight and obesity (all p<0.05).
Female sex and boarding student status were protective factors against overweight and obesity (all p<0.05).
Interpretation:
Gender, boarding status, dietary habits, and experiences of bullying significantly influence overweight and obesity rates in children and adolescents.
Limitations:
Cross-sectional design limits causal inferences.
Self-reported data may introduce bias.
Conclusion:
The study highlights the need for collaborative efforts from schools, families, and society to promote healthy lifestyles among adolescents.
