Kappa free light chain index in multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory CNS diseases: a pilot single-center study from Argentina

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The study evaluated the κ-FLC index's diagnostic performance for multiple sclerosis (MS) in a cohort of patients with various neurological disorders.
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A total of 124 patients were included, with significant differences in median κ-FLC index values between MS/CIS, other inflammatory, and non-inflammatory disorders.
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The optimal κ-FLC index cut-off for distinguishing MS/CIS from other inflammatory diseases was found to be 14.6, with a sensitivity of 73.5%.
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Reiber’s diagram for κ-FLC synthesis showed the highest sensitivity at 91.8%, although with lower specificity compared to higher κ-FLC index thresholds.
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The findings suggest that higher κ-FLC index thresholds may enhance diagnostic specificity for MS and warrant validation in independent studies.

Frontiers In Immunology

by Analisa Manin, Fernanda Ingenito, Evangelina Valeria Cores, Diego Alarcón Guerrero, Silvia Graciela Ramos, Andrés M. Villa
May 29, 2026

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