The Connection Between Periodontal Microbiota and Liver Disease Development: Insights into the Oral-Gut-Liver Axis

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Oral microbiota dysbiosis is linked to chronic liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
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Specific oral pathogens, particularly Fusobacterium nucleatum, are identified as independent risk factors for liver disease progression and complications.
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Four mechanisms explain the oral-gut-liver axis: bacterial translocation, systemic bacterial metabolites, immune inflammation, and gut microbiota dysbiosis.
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Periodontal therapy shows promise in improving metabolic parameters in NAFLD patients, indicating a potential therapeutic avenue.
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Integrating oral health interventions into liver disease management could significantly reduce the global burden of hepatic disorders.

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