Application of patient-derived organotypic tumor spheroids to guide combination immunotherapy for advanced HCC: a case report

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The PDOTS model preserves the tumor immune microenvironment, offering a promising tool for personalized therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
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Drug sensitivity testing in a PDOTS model indicated sensitivity to the combination of Lenvatinib and Tislelizumab, leading to a partial response in the patient after treatment.
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The clinical response observed in the patient was consistent with predictions made by the PDOTS model, suggesting its potential utility in guiding treatment decisions.
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This case highlights the limitations of traditional models in predicting immunotherapy responses, emphasizing the need for more individualized predictive approaches.
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Further prospective studies are necessary to validate the predictive value of the PDOTS model in guiding immunotherapy for advanced HCC.

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