Why are long-lived plasma cells long-lived?

1

Long-Lived Plasma Cells (LLPCs) are crucial for maintaining protective immunity against sporadic pathogens over decades.
2

LLPCs differ from Short-Lived Plasma Cells (SLPCs) by their ability to continuously secrete antibodies without antigenic stimulation.
3

The longevity of LLPCs is supported by interactions within specialized niches in the bone marrow, not solely by intrinsic properties.
4

CD28 receptor activation on LLPCs enhances their metabolism and survival, distinguishing them from SLPCs.
5

Understanding LLPC mechanisms can improve vaccine development and management of autoimmune disorders and plasma cell malignancies.