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1
Ischemic stroke triggers a biphasic immune response, characterized by an early inflammatory reaction followed by peripheral immunosuppression.
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2
Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SIIS) increases susceptibility to infections, particularly pneumonia, contributing to higher morbidity and mortality.
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3
Mechanisms of SIIS include activation of the autonomic nervous system, release of damage-associated molecular patterns, and reprogramming of bone marrow hematopoiesis.
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4
Clinical manifestations of SIIS involve lymphopenia, increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios, and decreased expression of antigen-presenting molecules.
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5
Understanding the transition from neuroinflammation to systemic immune dysfunction is crucial for clarifying the implications of post-stroke immunosuppression.
