Plasma gamma-glutamylglycine predicts the seroconversion of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B

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This study identifies plasma gamma-glutamylglycine levels as significant predictors of HBeAg seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B patients.
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HBeAg-positive patients exhibited distinct metabolic profiles with 227 differential metabolites compared to those who achieved seroconversion.
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Downregulated metabolic pathways in HBeAg-positive patients included tryptophan and glycerophospholipid metabolism.
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A predictive model using gamma-glutamylglycine levels achieved high accuracy in identifying HBeAg seroconversion in both developing and external cohorts.
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In vitro experiments demonstrated that gamma-glutamylglycine contributes to HBeAg production in HBV-replicating cells.

Frontiers In Immunology

by Ze-Hua Zhao, Zheng-Jie Qu, Xin-Hua Guo, Xue-Qi Yang, Qi An, Fang-Ming Zhou, Jing-Hui Tian, Yu-Chen Fan
June 8, 2026

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