Long-Term Prognosis and Influencing Factors Following Percutaneous Balloon Pulmonary Valvuloplasty in Children with Isolated Valvular Pulmonary Stenosis: A Comprehensive Review

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Isolated pulmonary valve stenosis accounts for 7.5% to 10% of congenital heart diseases and is the third most common congenital cardiac anomaly.
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Percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) became the preferred treatment for isolated pulmonary stenosis after its introduction in 1982.
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Long-term outcomes of BPV remain unclear, with studies indicating pulmonary valve restenosis and pulmonary insufficiency as common late complications.
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The systematic review aimed to provide consistent data on long-term BPV outcomes and identify risk factors for adverse outcomes.
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Eligibility criteria for included studies required a pediatric population, isolated pulmonary valve stenosis, BPV treatment, and a follow-up of at least 5 years.

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