Editorial: Unraveling protein misfolding and innate immunity in neurodegenerative diseases

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Protein misfolding and aggregation are key pathological features of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS.
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The innate immune system plays a dual role in neurodegenerative diseases, aiding in protein clearance while potentially exacerbating neuroinflammation.
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Research shows that the cyanotoxin L-BMAA disrupts autophagic flux, leading to the accumulation of misfolded proteins like α-synuclein and TDP-43.
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A multicenter study identified an innate immune signature in neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, linking it to kidney injury independent of genetic factors.
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AI-driven approaches are being explored to predict protein misfolding dynamics and the immune response to abnormal proteins in neurodegenerative diseases.

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