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Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy have been foundational in cancer therapy, but new modalities like immunotherapies are emerging.
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Immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, shows promise but faces challenges like varying response rates and treatment resistance.
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3
CAR-T cell therapies have transformed hematological cancer management, yet their efficacy in solid tumors and manufacturing costs remain barriers.
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Engineered oncolytic viruses and bacteria are being explored as cancer therapeutics, but clinical translation faces significant obstacles.
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Targeted therapies have evolved, with PARP inhibitors and KRAS inhibitors demonstrating advances, while antibody-drug conjugates face emerging resistance.
Based on findings from:
Next-generation cancer therapeutics
Nature Cancer, 2026.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43018-026-01244-w
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