Autoimmune Disease Risk With GLP-1RA, DPP-4i, and SGLT2i Treatment in Patients With Diabetes - Takeaways - MDSpire
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Evaluating the Risk of Autoimmune Disorders Associated with GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, DPP-4 Inhibitors, and SGLT2 Inhibitors in Diabetic Patients

  • By

  • Arjun Mahajan

  • David W. Bates

  • Alessandro Doria

  • Dinah Foer

  • Avery H. LaChance

  • Jeffrey A. Sparks

  • July 1, 2026

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  • 1

    DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, and SGLT2 inhibitors are widely used for type 2 diabetes, affecting over 10% of U.S. adults.

  • 2

    The immunologic safety of these diabetes medications is uncertain, with conflicting evidence regarding their association with autoimmune diseases.

  • 3

    This study utilized a large federated health network to compare the incidence of autoimmune diseases among patients treated with these agents.

  • 4

    Emulated trials were conducted to assess autoimmune disease risk, focusing on patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

  • 5

    The study included 118,419 matched pairs for DPP-4i vs GLP-1RA, 102,810 for DPP-4i vs SGLT2i, and 105,869 for GLP-1RA vs SGLT2i.

Original Source(s)

Autoimmune Disease Risk With GLP-1RA, DPP-4i, and SGLT2i Treatment in Patients With Diabetes

  • by Arjun Mahajan, David W. Bates, Alessandro Doria, Dinah Foer, Avery H. LaChance, Jeffrey A. Sparks

  • July 1, 2026

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