The influence of hormonal changes during pregnancy on bone metabolism - a mini review

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Pregnancy induces significant hormonal changes that impact maternal bone metabolism, potentially leading to Pregnancy and Lactation-Associated Osteoporosis (PLO).
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PLO is a rare condition affecting premenopausal women during late pregnancy or early lactation, with reported rates of approximately 4.5/10,000 pregnancies.
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Hormones such as parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) play crucial roles in regulating bone remodeling during pregnancy.
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Calcitonin levels rise during pregnancy, but its exact role in protecting maternal bone health remains uncertain and requires further investigation.
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Elevated levels of calcitriol during pregnancy enhance calcium absorption, with maternal renal 1α-hydroxylase being vital for its production.

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