Application of three-dimensional visualization technology on one-step PTCSL for complex hepatolithiasis

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Complex primary hepatolithiasis involves extensive stone distribution and is associated with high recurrence rates after surgery.
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Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopic lithotripsy (PTCSL) is a minimally invasive alternative to hepatectomy for treating hepatolithiasis.
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Traditional PTCSL requires multiple surgeries and a long treatment cycle due to limitations in imaging and surgical planning.
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3D visualization technology enhances surgical precision by clearly displaying liver anatomy and the spatial relationship of structures.
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The study investigates the benefits of integrating 3D visualization into one-step PTCSL for improved clinical outcomes in complex hepatolithiasis.

Updates In Surgery

by Yawen Cao, Qing Wu, Li-Yun Huang, Shunqian Wen, Zhi-Hao Lai, Shuai-Mei Luo, Zhao-Wei Ding, Cheng Li, Yong-Qing Ye
July 2, 2026

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