Effects of gender-affirming hormone therapy from adolescence to adulthood on cardiovascular function: a cross-sectional study

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The study evaluated cardiovascular function in 47 trans men and 6 trans women who underwent gender-affirming hormone therapy for 5–10 years.
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Most cardiovascular parameters were normal, with only one trans man showing grade 2 diastolic dysfunction after long-term hormone therapy.
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Gender-affirming hormone therapy was linked to reduced aortic distensibility and increased aortic stiffness in both trans men and women.
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The study found no significant cardiac complications related to hypertrophy or chamber dimensions in participants receiving hormone therapy.
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Long-term effects of altered aortic elasticity due to hormone therapy remain unclear and warrant further investigation.

Frontiers In Endocrinology

by Silvia Ciancia, Simon D’hulst, Jeroen Vervalcke, Daniel Klink, Guy T’Sjoen, Katya De Groote, Martine Cools, Laura Muiño Mosquera
March 18, 2026

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