Severe immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced 3M syndrome: a case report - Takeaways - MDSpire

Severe immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced 3M syndrome: a case report

  • By

  • Hairong Yao

  • Zitong Hao

  • Xin Zhang

  • Shikai Liu

  • May 29, 2026

  • 0 min

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  • 1

    Immune checkpoint inhibitors can induce severe immune-related adverse events, including the life-threatening 3M syndrome.

  • 2

    3M syndrome is characterized by the combination of immune myocarditis, myositis, and myasthenia gravis, leading to high mortality.

  • 3

    Early symptoms of 3M syndrome, such as ptosis and facial weakness, are often subtle and can be misattributed to other conditions.

  • 4

    A 65-year-old female patient developed 3M syndrome after anti-PD-1 therapy for cervical cancer, resulting in acute heart failure.

  • 5

    Proactive monitoring and immediate immunosuppressive treatment are essential for managing the risks associated with immunotherapy.

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