Association between infertility and thyroid cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis - Takeaways - MDSpire

Association between infertility and thyroid cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • By

  • Xianli Qiao

  • Xiangyang Tian

  • Wenya Zhou

  • Zemin Qin

  • Junyan Yu

  • May 18, 2026

  • 0 min

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  • 1

    Infertility is associated with a significantly higher risk of thyroid cancer, with a pooled relative risk of 1.37 based on nine observational studies.

  • 2

    The meta-analysis included 4,563,090 participants, revealing substantial heterogeneity across studies with an I² statistic of 81.9%.

  • 3

    Sex-stratified analyses indicated a stronger association between infertility and thyroid cancer risk in men (RR, 1.53) compared to women (RR, 1.31).

  • 4

    Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings, despite evidence of small-study effects and substantial heterogeneity.

  • 5

    Further well-designed research is necessary to clarify the association between infertility and thyroid cancer and to explore underlying mechanisms.

Original Source(s)

Association between infertility and thyroid cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis

  • by Xianli Qiao, Xiangyang Tian, Wenya Zhou, Zemin Qin, Junyan Yu

  • May 18, 2026

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