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1
Use of noninvasive respiratory support in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure has increased, although optimal patient selection, device choice, and intubation timing remain unresolved.
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2
Evidence reviewed spans acute hypoxemic respiratory failure and ARDS populations defined by varying criteria, so individual study populations should not be retrospectively classified by the 2024 Globa
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3
NIV and CPAP improve oxygenation primarily through PEEP-mediated lung recruitment, while pressure support may further reduce respiratory effort and dyspnea.
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4
Excessive spontaneous effort and large tidal volumes during noninvasive support may contribute to P-SILI or VILI; elevated esophageal pressure swings and tidal volumes above 9 mL/kg predicted body wei
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5
NIV or CPAP may be feasible for carefully selected patients with mild ARDS, preserved mental status, and no hemodynamic instability, but evidence remains inconsistent and settings require prompt indiv
