Clinical implications of free triiodothyronine levels and diagnostic revisions in antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis - Takeaways - MDSpire

Clinical implications of free triiodothyronine levels and diagnostic revisions in antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis

  • By

  • Ting Fang

  • Xinjie He

  • Junling Chen

  • Linhuan Huang

  • Yingyu Xie

  • Danni Li

  • Yinting Huang

  • Qi Lin

  • Houshi Zhou

  • July 7, 2026

  • 0 min

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  • 1

    Low triiodothyronine (T3) syndrome is prevalent in antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis (AE), affecting 23.68% of patients during the acute phase.

  • 2

    Patients with low T3 syndrome exhibited higher rates of consciousness disturbances and motor impairments compared to those without.

  • 3

    Discharge modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores were identified as independent predictors of unfavorable outcomes in antibody-negative AE.

  • 4

    Eight patients (9.5%) initially diagnosed with antibody-negative AE were reclassified with alternative diagnoses after 12 months.

  • 5

    The study highlights the need for improved diagnostic accuracy and the identification of clinical red flags for re-evaluation in antibody-negative AE.

Original Source(s)

Clinical implications of free triiodothyronine levels and diagnostic revisions in antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis

  • by Ting Fang, Xinjie He, Junling Chen, Linhuan Huang, Yingyu Xie, Danni Li, Yinting Huang, Qi Lin, Houshi Zhou

  • July 7, 2026

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