Temporal cytokine trajectories during microaxial flow pump support identify a high-risk inflammatory phenotype in cardiogenic shock - Takeaways - MDSpire
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Time-Dependent Cytokine Patterns During Microaxial Flow Pump Support Reveal a High-Risk Inflammatory Profile in Cardiogenic Shock

  • By

  • Julian Kreutz

  • Joshua Amoah

  • Klevis Mihali

  • Lukas Harbaum

  • Georgios Chatzis

  • Nikolaos Patsalis

  • Styliani Syntila

  • Bernhard Schieffer

  • Birgit Markus

  • October 19, 2026

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  • 1

    This retrospective, single-center cohort study examined cytokine trajectories in adults with SCAI stage C or higher cardiogenic shock receiving Impella support from 2021 to 2023.

  • 2

    Researchers measured serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α at device implantation and at 24, 72, 120, and 168 hours when samples were available.

  • 3

    The study assessed cytokine patterns alongside CRP, procalcitonin, leukocyte count, vasoactive-inotropic score, SOFA score, and blood culture results.

  • 4

    Patients receiving support for less than 24 hours, concomitant VA-ECMO, Impella 5.5, or lacking serial cytokine measurements were excluded.

  • 5

    Later cytokine measurements were less frequent, and the 168-hour time point was considered exploratory; infection adjudication and distinction from culture contamination were not consistently availabl

Original Source(s)

Temporal cytokine trajectories during microaxial flow pump support identify a high-risk inflammatory phenotype in cardiogenic shock

  • by Julian Kreutz, Joshua Amoah, Klevis Mihali, Lukas Harbaum, Georgios Chatzis, Nikolaos Patsalis, Styliani Syntila, Bernhard Schieffer, Birgit Markus

  • October 19, 2026

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