Sex Differences in Long-Term Overall and Cause-Specific Mortality in Patients With Cirrhosis

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Cirrhosis accounts for over 1 million deaths annually, with its prevalence projected to rise by more than 50% by 2030.
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Biological sex influences the causes and clinical severity of cirrhosis, with males more affected by viral hepatitis and females by cholestatic or autoimmune causes.
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Current evidence on sex disparities in cirrhosis mortality is limited, with some studies suggesting a female survival advantage and others indicating disadvantages.
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This study conducted a population-based evaluation of sex-related differences in long-term overall and cause-specific mortality among cirrhosis patients.
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The study utilized a retrospective cohort design, analyzing data from hospitalized cirrhosis patients in California from 2005 to 2019.

Jama Network Open

by Xiaonan Su, Lily Xia, Rui Huang, Xianhua Mao, Taotao Yan, Hong Fan, Ramsey Cheung, Mindie H. Nguyen
July 9, 2026

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