Neonatal pain assessment and non-pharmacological analgesia: an integrative literature review

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Neonatal procedural and prolonged pain is a significant issue, especially in preterm and critically ill infants undergoing invasive procedures.
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Validated multidimensional assessment tools are essential for structured evaluation of neonatal pain in clinical settings.
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Non-pharmacological analgesic strategies, such as family-integrated care and sensory approaches, can effectively reduce procedural pain responses.
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Artificial intelligence-based methods for pain detection show potential but require further validation for routine clinical use.
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Standardized neonatal pain management should involve validated assessment scales, non-pharmacological care, staff training, and parent involvement.

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