Co-occurrence of Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens in Children Under Five with Pneumococcal Carriage in Peninsular Malaysia - Takeaways - MDSpire

Co-occurrence of Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens in Children Under Five with Pneumococcal Carriage in Peninsular Malaysia

  • By

  • Andrew Chun Hoong Tan

  • Nurul Hanis Ramzi

  • Nur Alia Johari

  • Pei Kuan Lai

  • Simone Wong

  • Xuan Qi Chang

  • Eileen Eng Jia Lin

  • Xin Ru Lum

  • Azim Haikal Md Roslan

  • Anna Marie Nathan

  • Cindy Shuan Ju Teh

  • Mohamad Ikram Ilias

  • Zakuan Zainy Deris

  • Asrar Abu Bakar

  • Muhd Alwi Muhd Helmi

  • Norhidayah Kamarudin

  • Lokman Hakim Sulaiman

  • February 12, 2026

  • 0 min

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  • 1

    Pneumonia is a leading cause of mortality in children under five in Malaysia, contributing to 2.6% of deaths in this age group in 2023.

  • 2

    Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae are key bacterial pathogens associated with pneumonia in young children.

  • 3

    Co-infections with multiple pathogens in the nasopharynx can lead to more severe clinical outcomes in children with pneumonia.

  • 4

    This study assessed pneumococcal co-carriage and other respiratory bacterial pathogens in 500 children under five with pneumonia.

  • 5

    Data analysis included statistical tests to evaluate socio-demographic factors related to pneumococcal co-carriage status.

Original Source(s)

Co-occurrence of Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens in Children Under Five with Pneumococcal Carriage in Peninsular Malaysia

  • by Andrew Chun Hoong Tan, Nurul Hanis Ramzi, Nur Alia Johari, Pei Kuan Lai, Simone Wong, Xuan Qi Chang, Eileen Eng Jia Lin, Xin Ru Lum, Azim Haikal Md Roslan, Anna Marie Nathan, Cindy Shuan Ju Teh, Mohamad Ikram Ilias, Zakuan Zainy Deris, Asrar Abu Bakar, Muhd Alwi Muhd Helmi, Norhidayah Kamarudin, Lokman Hakim Sulaiman

  • February 12, 2026

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