Severe immune-related autoimmune hemolytic anemia induced by pembrolizumab: a case report with novel immunosuppressive strategy

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Pembrolizumab can trigger severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), a rare but serious immune-related adverse event.
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Initial treatment for AIHA included corticosteroids and IVIG, but the patient's condition worsened, necessitating additional immunosuppressive therapy.
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Cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil were effective in managing severe AIHA in the patient, alongside corticosteroids and IVIG.
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After successfully managing AIHA, the patient was able to continue pembrolizumab treatment without recurrence of the condition.
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This case highlights the importance of recognizing and treating severe hematologic irAEs to enable safe rechallenge with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Frontiers In Immunology

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