Temporal trends and projected mortality of myocardial infarction and heart failure in the United States, 1999–2035: a CDC WONDER analysis

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From 1999 to 2024, there were 552,835 myocardial infarction and heart failure-related deaths recorded in the U.S.
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The age-adjusted mortality rate for MI and HF declined from 15.32 per 100,000 in 1999 to 7.55 in 2024.
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By 2035, the national age-adjusted mortality rate is projected to increase modestly to 8.41 per 100,000.
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Mortality rates were higher in men and non-Hispanic Black individuals compared to women and non-Hispanic White and Hispanic individuals.
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Rural populations exhibited higher mortality rates than urban populations, with projected rates of 13.94 and 7.73 per 100,000 by 2035.

Frontiers In Cardiovascular Medicine

by Muhammad Hussain Azam, Muhammad Hassan Azam, Divesh Sunil Sachdev, Hasibullah Aminpoor, Taha Ahmed, Talha Aamir, Muhammad Tayyab Azam, Nazila Dalir, Faizan Ahmed
July 9, 2026

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