Identification of predictors of the ovarian response to clomiphene citrate in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A post-hoc analysis of a randomized controlled trial

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Clomiphene citrate is the first-line treatment for ovulation induction in women with polycystic ovary syndrome, but 20% show resistance.
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The study analyzed 471 participants from the PCOSAct trial to identify predictors of clomiphene citrate resistance.
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Body Mass Index, Total Testosterone, and Anti-Müllerian Hormone were identified as predictors of ovarian response to clomiphene citrate.
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The dual-factor model of Total Testosterone and BMI showed comparable predictive power to a three-factor model including AMH.
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For high-risk patients, the study suggests considering aromatase inhibitors or low-dose gonadotropins to avoid ineffective treatment cycles.

Frontiers In Endocrinology

by Yang Liu, Yi Gong, Jiaxing Feng, Hang Ge, Mengyi Zhu, Hong Yu, Jingshu Gao, Xiaoke Wu
June 30, 2026

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